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God in Christianity
God in Christianity is the eternal being who created and preserves all things. Christians believe God to be both transcendent (wholly independent of, and removed from, the material universe) and immanent (involved in the world).〔''Basic Christian Doctrine'' by John H. Leith (Jan 1, 1992) ISBN 0664251927 pages 55-56〕〔''Introducing Christian Doctrine'' (2nd Edition) by Millard J. Erickson (Apr 1, 2001) ISBN 0801022509 pages 87-88〕 Christian teachings of the immanence and involvement of God and his love for humanity exclude the belief that God is of the same substance as the created universe〔Berkhof, L. ''Systematic Theology'' Banner of Truth publishers:1963, p.61〕 but accept that God's divine Nature was hypostatically united to human nature in the person of Jesus Christ, in an event known as the Incarnation.
Early Christian views of God were expressed in the Pauline Epistles and the early〔Perhaps even pre-Pauline creeds.〕 creeds, which proclaimed one God and the divinity of Jesus, almost in the same breath as in 1 Corinthians (8:5-6): "For even if there are so-called gods, whether in heaven or on earth (as indeed there are many 'gods' and many 'lords'), yet for us there is but one God, the Father, from whom all things came and for whom we live; and there is but one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom all things came and through whom we live."〔''One God, One Lord'' by Larry W. Hurtado (Oct 25, 2003) ISBN 0567089878 pages 1-2〕〔''The Blackwell Companion to The New Testament'' by David E. Aune (Mar 23, 2010) ISBN 1405108258 page 424〕〔''Apostle Paul: His Life and Theology'' by Udo Schnelle (Nov 1, 2005) ISBN 0801027969 page 396〕 "Although the Judæo-Christian sect of the Ebionites protested against this apotheosis of Jesus,〔("Clementine Homilies," xvi. 15)〕 the great mass of Gentile Christians accepted it." This began to differentiate the Gentile Christian views of God from traditional Jewish teachings of the time.〔
The theology of the attributes and nature of God has been discussed since the earliest days of Christianity, with Irenaeus writing in the 2nd century: "His greatness lacks nothing, but contains all things".〔 In the 8th century, John of Damascus listed eighteen attributes which remain widely accepted.〔 As time passed, theologians developed systematic lists of these attributes, some based on statements in the Bible (e.g., the Lord's Prayer, stating that the Father is in Heaven), others based on theological reasoning.〔〔Hirschberger, Johannes. ''Historia de la Filosofía I, Barcelona'': Herder 1977, p.403〕 The Kingdom of God is a prominent phrase in the Synoptic Gospels and while there is near unanimous agreement among scholars that it represents a key element of the teachings of Jesus, there is little scholarly agreement on its exact interpretation.〔〔
Although the New Testament does not have a formal doctrine of the Trinity as such, it does repeatedly speak of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit in such a way as to "compel a trinitarian understanding of God." This never becomes a tritheism, i.e. this does not imply three Gods.〔Stagg, Frank. ''New Testament Theology''. Broadman Press, 1962. ISBN 0-8054-1613-7〕 Around the year 200, Tertullian formulated a version of the doctrine of the Trinity which clearly affirmed the divinity of Jesus and came close to the later definitive form produced by the Ecumenical Council of 381.〔Prestige G.L. ''Fathers and Heretics'' SPCK:1963, p. 29〕〔Kelly, J.N.D. ''Early Christian Doctrines'' A & C Black:1965, p.280〕 The doctrine of the Trinity can be summed up as: "The One God exists in Three Persons and One Substance, as God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit."〔〔 Trinitarians, who form the large majority of Christians, hold it as a core tenet of their faith.〔〔 Nontrinitarian denominations define the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit in a number of different ways.〔
== Development of the theology of God ==
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